Sources &
Bibliography

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P001

Financial capital...takes the economy on a frenzied ride up a paper-wealth bubble

Chapter 3 · p. 20 CH03-P018

The economist Carlota Perez, in her book

Chapter 8 · p. 116 CH08-P035

The Perez framework

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P002

Drive far enough into Richland Parish in northeastern Louisiana

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P003

well over $200 billion

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P004

The project is called Hyperion, it belongs to Meta

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P005

it will draw about five gigawatts of electricity

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P007

ten new gas-fired power plants

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P008

property tax reductions approaching 80 percent

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P009

modified existing legislation

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P010

put state officials under nondisclosure agreements

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P011

Meta expects it to employ about five hundred people

Chapter 6 · p. 97 CH06-P026

$200 billion pouring into Richland Parish

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P004

The project is called Hyperion, it belongs to Meta

Chapter 6 · p. 97 CH06-P026

$200 billion pouring into Richland Parish

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P005

it will draw about five gigawatts of electricity

Chapter 1 · p. 3 CH01-P006

roughly what New York City pulls from the grid at any given moment

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P012

Outside the town of Broadview, Montana, a gigawatt-scale campus is rising

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P012

Outside the town of Broadview, Montana, a gigawatt-scale campus is rising

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P013

whose permanent workforce, when the construction crews are gone

Chapter 17 · p. 241 CH17-P012

These companies might be looking for "easy pickings" in Montana

Chapter 17 · p. 244 CH17-P017

a roughly 22 percent increase in monthly bills since 2020

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P014

One planned Utah project pencils out to somewhere between $35 and $50 billion of investment to start

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P015

the local and state government officials pushing hard to land it

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P015

the local and state government officials pushing hard to land it

Chapter 17 · p. 243 CH17-P016

voted to approve the project on May 4, 2026

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P015

the local and state government officials pushing hard to land it

Chapter 17 · p. 243 CH17-P016

voted to approve the project on May 4, 2026

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P016

between one and two thousand permanent jobs

Chapter 1 · p. 4 CH01-P016

between one and two thousand permanent jobs

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P017

Andrew Carnegie sold the railroads their steel

Chapter 2 · p. 13 CH02-P006

he topped out at a fraction of what Carnegie and Rockefeller built

Chapter 3 · p. 24 CH03-P028

roughly $480 million, with Carnegie's personal share coming to better than $225 million

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P029

US Steel, was capitalized at about $1.4 billion

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P030

Mr. Carnegie, I want to congratulate you on being the richest man in the world

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P018

bent their freight rates into a weapon

Chapter 2 · p. 13 CH02-P006

he topped out at a fraction of what Carnegie and Rockefeller built

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P031

Standard Oil negotiated secret rebates

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P032

he went further and secured drawbacks, by which the railroads paid him a cut of the freight his competitors shipped

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P033

the South Improvement Company scheme of 1872

Chapter 3 · p. 26 CH03-P034

his stake in the successor companies of Standard Oil was worth about $900 million

Chapter 3 · p. 26 CH03-P035

the first billionaire in American history

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P019

on course to spend around $725 billion this year

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P020

up more than 70 percent from the year before

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P019

on course to spend around $725 billion this year

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P020

up more than 70 percent from the year before

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P021

Goldman Sachs puts the cumulative bill for this build-out at roughly $7.6 trillion between now and 2031

Chapter 7 · p. 99 CH07-P002

roughly $7.6 trillion in cumulative AI infrastructure spending

Chapter 12 · p. 177 CH12-P035

trillion Goldman Sachs projects

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P021

Goldman Sachs puts the cumulative bill for this build-out at roughly $7.6 trillion between now and 2031

Chapter 1 · p. 6 CH01-P021

Goldman Sachs puts the cumulative bill for this build-out at roughly $7.6 trillion between now and 2031

Chapter 1 · p. 7 CH01-P022

The International Energy Agency expects the electricity consumption

Chapter 1 · p. 7 CH01-P023

something on the order of Japan's entire annual usage

Chapter 2 · p. 9 CH02-P001

History never repeats itself, but the Kaleidoscopic combinations of the pictured present often seem to be constructed out of the broken fragments of antique legends

Chapter 2 · p. 9 CH02-P001

History never repeats itself, but the Kaleidoscopic combinations of the pictured present often seem to be constructed out of the broken fragments of antique legends

Chapter 2 · p. 9 CH02-P001

History never repeats itself, but the Kaleidoscopic combinations of the pictured present often seem to be constructed out of the broken fragments of antique legends

Chapter 2 · p. 11 CH02-P002

The second is Jevons paradox

Chapter 3 · p. 18 CH03-P011

William Stanley Jevons had noticed the same pattern in coal

Chapter 5 · p. 63 CH05-P020

the pattern the economist William Stanley Jevons identified with coal

Conclusion · p. 285 CON-P018

Jevons wrote it down in 1865

Chapter 2 · p. 12 CH02-P003

The archetype has a name, and it is General Electric

Chapter 2 · p. 12 CH02-P004

It also built the motors and the light bulbs and the appliances

Chapter 2 · p. 12 CH02-P004

It also built the motors and the light bulbs and the appliances

Chapter 2 · p. 13 CH02-P005

Vanderbilt made a genuine fortune in the railroad industry

Chapter 2 · p. 13 CH02-P006

he topped out at a fraction of what Carnegie and Rockefeller built

Chapter 3 · p. 23 CH03-P027

about one eighty-seventh of the entire national economy

Chapter 2 · p. 14 CH02-P007

a golden spike in the Utah desert in the spring of 1869

Chapter 3 · p. 15 CH03-P001

in the railroad business rather than in the transportation business

Chapter 3 · p. 30 CH03-P047

Writing in 1960 and looking back at an industry

Chapter 3 · p. 15 CH03-P002

a quarter of American railroad mileage would be sitting in the hands of bankruptcy receivers

Chapter 3 · p. 20 CH03-P019

The Panic of 1873 and the far worse Panic of 1893 were, at their core, railroad crises

Chapter 3 · p. 21 CH03-P020

In the 1893 collapse roughly a quarter of all US rail mileage went into receivership

Chapter 3 · p. 15 CH03-P002

a quarter of American railroad mileage would be sitting in the hands of bankruptcy receivers

Chapter 3 · p. 16 CH03-P003

roughly nine thousand miles of operating track

Chapter 3 · p. 17 CH03-P004

more than fifty local time standards

Chapter 3 · p. 17 CH03-P005

At the General Time Convention that met at the Grand Pacific Hotel

Chapter 3 · p. 17 CH03-P006

railroad officials adopted a plan for five standard time zones

Chapter 3 · p. 17 CH03-P007

an event the newspapers of the time called the “Day of Two Noons.”

Chapter 3 · p. 18 CH03-P008

the sun is no longer to boss the job

Chapter 3 · p. 17 CH03-P005

At the General Time Convention that met at the Grand Pacific Hotel

Chapter 3 · p. 17 CH03-P006

railroad officials adopted a plan for five standard time zones

Chapter 3 · p. 17 CH03-P007

an event the newspapers of the time called the “Day of Two Noons.”

Chapter 3 · p. 18 CH03-P008

the sun is no longer to boss the job

Chapter 3 · p. 18 CH03-P009

Woodrow Wilson signed the Standard Time Act on March 19, 1918

Chapter 3 · p. 18 CH03-P010

Alfred Chandler built much of his career documenting this

Chapter 3 · p. 21 CH03-P022

by 1906 seven groups controlled two-thirds of the mileage

Chapter 3 · p. 19 CH03-P012

the Pacific Railway Act that President Lincoln signed on July 1, 1862

Chapter 3 · p. 19 CH03-P012

the Pacific Railway Act that President Lincoln signed on July 1, 1862

Chapter 3 · p. 19 CH03-P013

Congress authorized something on the order of 175 million acres

Chapter 3 · p. 19 CH03-P014

The historian Paul Wallace Gates, working through the land records

Chapter 3 · p. 19 CH03-P015

a construction company with the impressive French name Crédit Mobilier

Chapter 3 · p. 20 CH03-P016

roughly $94 million for work that cost about $50 million

Chapter 3 · p. 20 CH03-P016

roughly $94 million for work that cost about $50 million

Chapter 3 · p. 20 CH03-P017

the *New York Sun* broke the story

Chapter 3 · p. 20 CH03-P017

the *New York Sun* broke the story

Chapter 3 · p. 20 CH03-P019

The Panic of 1873 and the far worse Panic of 1893 were, at their core, railroad crises

Chapter 3 · p. 21 CH03-P020

In the 1893 collapse roughly a quarter of all US rail mileage went into receivership

Chapter 3 · p. 21 CH03-P021

What followed was consolidation, the bankrupt lines swallowed by stronger hands

Chapter 3 · p. 21 CH03-P021

What followed was consolidation, the bankrupt lines swallowed by stronger hands

Chapter 3 · p. 22 CH03-P023

affected with a public interest

Chapter 3 · p. 22 CH03-P024

In the *Wabash* case, the Court ruled

Chapter 3 · p. 22 CH03-P025

The Interstate Commerce Act, signed by President Cleveland on February 4, 1887

Chapter 3 · p. 22 CH03-P026

the ICC became the first independent federal regulatory agency of its kind

Chapter 3 · p. 22 CH03-P026

the ICC became the first independent federal regulatory agency of its kind

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P030

Mr. Carnegie, I want to congratulate you on being the richest man in the world

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P032

he went further and secured drawbacks, by which the railroads paid him a cut of the freight his competitors shipped

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P033

the South Improvement Company scheme of 1872

Chapter 3 · p. 25 CH03-P032

he went further and secured drawbacks, by which the railroads paid him a cut of the freight his competitors shipped

Chapter 3 · p. 26 CH03-P036

printed a single sheet of paper listing about a hundred and sixty items

Chapter 3 · p. 26 CH03-P036

printed a single sheet of paper listing about a hundred and sixty items

Chapter 3 · p. 27 CH03-P040

He hired an engineer named Andrew Chase

Chapter 3 · p. 27 CH03-P041

the one line with no stake in live cattle, the Canadian-owned Grand Trunk Railway

Chapter 3 · p. 28 CH03-P042

he had nearly two hundred of them moving some three thousand carcasses a week to Boston

Chapter 3 · p. 26 CH03-P037

to $50 million by 1907

Chapter 3 · p. 27 CH03-P038

Rosenwald grew wealthy enough on that arrangement to give much of it away

Chapter 3 · p. 27 CH03-P039

the construction of 4,977 schools for Black children

Chapter 3 · p. 27 CH03-P038

Rosenwald grew wealthy enough on that arrangement to give much of it away

Chapter 3 · p. 27 CH03-P039

the construction of 4,977 schools for Black children

Chapter 3 · p. 27 CH03-P041

the one line with no stake in live cattle, the Canadian-owned Grand Trunk Railway

Chapter 3 · p. 29 CH03-P043

The image that stuck was the octopus, the railroad as a many-armed monopoly

Chapter 3 · p. 29 CH03-P043

The image that stuck was the octopus, the railroad as a many-armed monopoly

Chapter 3 · p. 29 CH03-P044

Frank Norris built a whole novel, *The Octopus*

Chapter 3 · p. 29 CH03-P045

the regulation that answered it stuck, and hardened, and stayed on the books

Chapter 3 · p. 29 CH03-P045

the regulation that answered it stuck, and hardened, and stayed on the books

Chapter 3 · p. 29 CH03-P046

until deregulation finally arrived with the Staggers Act in 1980

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P001

Competition and regulation are inconsistent with each other

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P002

Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P004

The patent granted was US patent number 174,465

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P005

It has been called the most valuable patent ever issued

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P003

He bested, by just a few hours, a rival named Elisha Gray

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P003

He bested, by just a few hours, a rival named Elisha Gray

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P004

The patent granted was US patent number 174,465

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P004

The patent granted was US patent number 174,465

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P005

It has been called the most valuable patent ever issued

Chapter 4 · p. 33 CH04-P005

It has been called the most valuable patent ever issued

Chapter 4 · p. 34 CH04-P006

The first central exchange opened in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1878

Chapter 4 · p. 36 CH04-P011

He invented what was called Fast Mail, the first train dedicated entirely to mail

Chapter 4 · p. 35 CH04-P007

Something like six thousand independent telephone companies

Chapter 4 · p. 35 CH04-P008

By 1907 the independents controlled very nearly half of all the telephones

Chapter 4 · p. 36 CH04-P009

It filed more than six hundred patent-infringement suits

Chapter 4 · p. 39 CH04-P016

firing twelve thousand employees

Chapter 4 · p. 36 CH04-P010

During the great snow blockade of 1870

Chapter 4 · p. 37 CH04-P012

By February of 1876

Chapter 4 · p. 38 CH04-P014

In 1887 Vail resigned

Chapter 4 · p. 37 CH04-P013

Hubbard, needing a general manager for the fledgling business, hired him in 1878

Chapter 4 · p. 38 CH04-P014

In 1887 Vail resigned

Chapter 4 · p. 38 CH04-P015

only about a seventh of the offering sold

Chapter 4 · p. 39 CH04-P017

One Policy, One System, Universal Service

Chapter 4 · p. 40 CH04-P018

Through a vice president named Nathan Kingsbury

Conclusion · p. 283 CON-P011

the 1913 Kingsbury Commitment

Chapter 4 · p. 40 CH04-P018

Through a vice president named Nathan Kingsbury

Chapter 4 · p. 40 CH04-P019

It would allow independent telephone companies to interconnect with its long-distance network

Chapter 4 · p. 40 CH04-P019

It would allow independent telephone companies to interconnect with its long-distance network

Chapter 4 · p. 41 CH04-P020

Historians of the industry routinely describe the Kingsbury Commitment as the beginning of AT&T's monopoly

Chapter 4 · p. 41 CH04-P020

Historians of the industry routinely describe the Kingsbury Commitment as the beginning of AT&T's monopoly

Chapter 4 · p. 41 CH04-P021

The Willis Graham Act of 1921 exempted telephone mergers from antitrust

Chapter 4 · p. 41 CH04-P021

The Willis Graham Act of 1921 exempted telephone mergers from antitrust

Chapter 4 · p. 41 CH04-P022

The Willis Graham Act of 1921 exempted telephone mergers from antitrust, letting Bell resume its consolidation

Chapter 4 · p. 42 CH04-P023

The Communications Act of 1934 charged the new FCC

Chapter 4 · p. 43 CH04-P024

The FCC pursued universal service through implicit subsidies

Chapter 4 · p. 44 CH04-P025

in 1925 it created

Chapter 4 · p. 44 CH04-P026

eleven Nobel Prizes and five Turing Awards

Chapter 4 · p. 44 CH04-P025

in 1925 it created

Chapter 4 · p. 45 CH04-P027

On January 25, 1915, the company opened the first transcontinental telephone line

Chapter 4 · p. 45 CH04-P027

On January 25, 1915, the company opened the first transcontinental telephone line

Chapter 4 · p. 45 CH04-P028

The last pole of that line, as it happens, went up at Wendover, on the Utah-Nevada border

Chapter 4 · p. 45 CH04-P029

in 1956 it was settled with a consent decree

Chapter 4 · p. 46 CH04-P030

license the patents it already held, including the transistor, royalty-free

Chapter 4 · p. 48 CH04-P031

By the 1970s AT&T reached 90 percent of American households

Chapter 4 · p. 48 CH04-P032

In 1974 the Justice Department filed the antitrust suit

Chapter 4 · p. 48 CH04-P033

The trial before Judge Harold Greene began in 1981

Chapter 4 · p. 48 CH04-P034

a day some in the company called Fateful Friday

Chapter 4 · p. 48 CH04-P035

Those local companies were reorganized into seven regional holding companies that the press immediately nicknamed the Baby Bells

Chapter 4 · p. 48 CH04-P036

On the first of January 1984, the Bell system

Chapter 4 · p. 46 CH04-P030

license the patents it already held, including the transistor, royalty-free

Chapter 4 · p. 48 CH04-P036

On the first of January 1984, the Bell system

Chapter 4 · p. 49 CH04-P037

in 2005, bought its own former parent

Chapter 4 · p. 49 CH04-P038

bought its own former parent, the long-distance AT&T, and took the storied name for itself

Chapter 4 · p. 49 CH04-P037

in 2005, bought its own former parent

Chapter 4 · p. 49 CH04-P038

bought its own former parent, the long-distance AT&T, and took the storied name for itself

Chapter 4 · p. 49 CH04-P039

a $5.75 billion purchase of Lumen's consumer fiber business

Chapter 4 · p. 51 CH04-P040

sold British Telecom to the public for £3.6 billion

Chapter 5 · p. 55 CH05-P001

The obligations of monopoly must be accepted

Chapter 5 · p. 64 CH05-P023

in a 1910 address whose title captured a philosophy he had first argued in 1898

Chapter 5 · p. 55 CH05-P002

On the morning of August 6, 1890

Chapter 5 · p. 55 CH05-P003

They could have done better with an axe

Chapter 5 · p. 57 CH05-P004

Edison hired an engineer named Harold Brown and paid him in secret

Chapter 5 · p. 57 CH05-P005

proposing that the public call it being “Westinghoused,”

Chapter 5 · p. 58 CH05-P006

Topsy was killed in 1903, years after the current war was over

Chapter 5 · p. 58 CH05-P006

Topsy was killed in 1903, years after the current war was over

Chapter 5 · p. 58 CH05-P007

In 1893 Westinghouse won the contract to illuminate the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago

Chapter 5 · p. 58 CH05-P007

In 1893 Westinghouse won the contract to illuminate the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago

Chapter 5 · p. 58 CH05-P008

lit the fair with alternating current before twenty-seven million visitors

Chapter 5 · p. 59 CH05-P009

when the Niagara plant began sending alternating current to the city of Buffalo in 1896

Chapter 5 · p. 59 CH05-P010

when the Niagara plant began sending alternating current to the city of Buffalo in 1896, twenty-six miles away

Chapter 5 · p. 59 CH05-P010

when the Niagara plant began sending alternating current to the city of Buffalo in 1896, twenty-six miles away

Chapter 5 · p. 59 CH05-P011

In 1881 a twenty-one-year-old Englishman stepped off a boat in New York

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P037

he collapsed of a heart attack on the stairs of a Paris Métro station

Chapter 5 · p. 59 CH05-P011

In 1881 a twenty-one-year-old Englishman stepped off a boat in New York

Chapter 5 · p. 60 CH05-P012

The son of a lay preacher and temperance campaigner

Chapter 5 · p. 60 CH05-P013

an office boy in an auction house for a little over a dollar a week

Chapter 5 · p. 60 CH05-P014

over an offer of a banking career with the firm of Drexel, Morgan

Chapter 5 · p. 61 CH05-P016

In 1892 the financier J. P. Morgan

Chapter 5 · p. 59 CH05-P011

In 1881 a twenty-one-year-old Englishman stepped off a boat in New York

Chapter 5 · p. 60 CH05-P015

the Pearl Street Station in lower Manhattan, which switched on in September of 1882

Chapter 5 · p. 61 CH05-P016

In 1892 the financier J. P. Morgan

Chapter 5 · p. 61 CH05-P017

he went to Chicago

Chapter 5 · p. 63 CH05-P021

By 1920 it was burning more than two million tons of coal a year

Chapter 5 · p. 61 CH05-P017

he went to Chicago

Chapter 5 · p. 62 CH05-P018

His model, which he called “massing production,”

Chapter 5 · p. 63 CH05-P019

give something electrical for Christmas

Chapter 5 · p. 69 CH05-P032

the Ishmael or Insull, whose hand is against every man's

Chapter 5 · p. 63 CH05-P022

some five thousand communities across thirty-two states

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P038

the passage, in 1935, of the Public Utility Holding Company Act

Chapter 5 · p. 64 CH05-P023

in a 1910 address whose title captured a philosophy he had first argued in 1898

Chapter 5 · p. 65 CH05-P024

traced commonly to Wisconsin in 1907

Chapter 5 · p. 65 CH05-P024

traced commonly to Wisconsin in 1907

Chapter 5 · p. 66 CH05-P025

an economist named Paul David explained it

Chapter 5 · p. 66 CH05-P026

a system called unit drive

Chapter 6 · p. 84 CH06-P014

the economist Paul David explain that the electric motor

Conclusion · p. 288 CON-P023

Paul David's factories rebuilt around the electric motor

Chapter 5 · p. 67 CH05-P027

which began moving at his Highland Park plant in October of 1913

Chapter 5 · p. 67 CH05-P028

began moving at his Highland Park plant in October of 1913

Chapter 5 · p. 67 CH05-P029

from more than twelve hours to about ninety minutes

Chapter 5 · p. 67 CH05-P027

which began moving at his Highland Park plant in October of 1913

Chapter 5 · p. 69 CH05-P030

In April of 1932, Insull's Middle West Utilities went into receivership

Chapter 5 · p. 69 CH05-P030

In April of 1932, Insull's Middle West Utilities went into receivership

Chapter 5 · p. 69 CH05-P031

A $3 billion empire was forfeited for want of $10 million

Chapter 5 · p. 69 CH05-P031

A $3 billion empire was forfeited for want of $10 million

Chapter 5 · p. 69 CH05-P033

first to France and then to Greece, which had no extradition treaty with the United States

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P034

He was tried three times between 1934 and 1935

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P036

the jury took just over two hours

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P034

He was tried three times between 1934 and 1935

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P035

He was acquitted every single time

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P034

He was tried three times between 1934 and 1935

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P035

He was acquitted every single time

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P037

he collapsed of a heart attack on the stairs of a Paris Métro station

Chapter 5 · p. 70 CH05-P038

the passage, in 1935, of the Public Utility Holding Company Act

Chapter 5 · p. 71 CH05-P039

created the Rural Electrification Administration (REA) by executive order in 1935

Chapter 5 · p. 71 CH05-P039

created the Rural Electrification Administration (REA) by executive order in 1935

Chapter 5 · p. 71 CH05-P040

the Rural Electrification Act of 1936

Chapter 5 · p. 71 CH05-P040

the Rural Electrification Act of 1936

Chapter 6 · p. 76 CH06-P001

If you build it, they will come.

Chapter 6 · p. 79 CH06-P006

had grown out of a railroad construction company

Chapter 6 · p. 79 CH06-P007

strung its fiber along the rail corridors that ran from Denver to the coast

Chapter 6 · p. 77 CH06-P002

Just over a year earlier, we had signed what we thought was a great deal with MCI WorldCom, Bernie Ebbers's company

Chapter 6 · p. 81 CH06-P011

buried under some $41 billion in debt

Chapter 6 · p. 78 CH06-P003

Enron was trying to trade bandwidth the way it traded natural gas and electricity

Chapter 6 · p. 78 CH06-P004

what Henry Hub is to gas

Chapter 6 · p. 78 CH06-P004

what Henry Hub is to gas

Chapter 6 · p. 79 CH06-P005

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated the long-distance market

Chapter 6 · p. 79 CH06-P005

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated the long-distance market

Chapter 6 · p. 79 CH06-P006

had grown out of a railroad construction company

Chapter 6 · p. 79 CH06-P008

Southern Pacific Railroad Internal Networking Telecommunications

Chapter 6 · p. 79 CH06-P008

Southern Pacific Railroad Internal Networking Telecommunications

Chapter 6 · p. 79 CH06-P008

Southern Pacific Railroad Internal Networking Telecommunications

Chapter 6 · p. 80 CH06-P009

Global Crossing, which had laid more than a hundred thousand miles of undersea and terrestrial cable

Chapter 6 · p. 80 CH06-P010

went bankrupt in January of 2002 owing more than $12 billion

Chapter 6 · p. 81 CH06-P012

a nearly four-billion-dollar accounting fraud